Prevention is key to avoiding cervical cancer.
Cervical dysplasia is a very common condition. It is mainly caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), which causes changes in the cells. These changes are most often mild and resolve on their own without any medical intervention. In some cases, however, they progress and require treatment before cervical cancer develops.
Similar dysplasias can also occur in the vulva or vagina. The most common form is the well-known genital warts (condylomas).
Cervical dysplasia is asymptomatic, but can be detected easily and early with a Pap smear. When abnormal cells are detected on the Pap smear, further investigation is usually required.
This investigation typically involves colposcopy and cervical biopsy, performed by physicians specialising in cervical dysplasia. The results determine the further treatment approach, which can range from a simple follow-up to surgical treatment (cone biopsy, vaporisation of dysplasia with CO2-Laser).
Vulvar condylomas are also treated very effectively with CO2-Laser, while approved pharmaceutical preparations are also available (Imiquimod, extract from green tea leaves).
